Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazards
تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی
Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazards
Literature & Humanities
http://jsaeh.khu.ac.ir
1
admin
2423-7892
2588-5146
10.61186/jsaeh
fa
jalali
1396
1
1
gregorian
2017
4
1
4
1
online
1
fulltext
fa
بررسی نقش آموزش در مدیریت ریسک مخاطرات طبیعی(زلزله)
مورد: مناطق روستایی شهرستان قزوین
Assessment of the role of education in risk reduction settlement against natural risk (Earthquake) The case study: rural region of Qazvin County
عمومى
General
پژوهشي
Research
<p dir="RTL" style="text-align:justify;line-height:115%;text-autospace:none;"><span style="font-family:nasimyw;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong>شیوه </strong><strong>مناسب مدیریت ریسک زلزله در مناطق روستایی جلوگیری از وقوع، کاهش اثرات و پیامدهای آن ها با تلفیق رویکردهای مختلف ساختاری و غیرساختاری است؛ </strong><strong> در این راستا </strong><strong>مولفه آموزش از اهمیت اساسی برخوردار است. در پژوهش پیش­رو سعی بر این است که وضعیت آموزش زلزله و ارتباط آن با موقعیت مکانی، سطح سواد</strong><strong>، مهارت و مشارکت</strong><strong> مردم در بین سکونت گاه های روستایی شهرستان قزوین مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. برای ارزیابی گویه ­های تبیین ­کننده آموزش در مدیریت ریسک زلزله در سطح 29 روستا، تعداد 386 نفر از سرپرستان خانوارها از بین 27930 خانوار روستایی مورد پرسش قرار گرفته اند. انتخاب روستاهای نمونه به روش خوشه ای و انتخاب سرپرستان خانوارها به روش تصادفی سیستماتیک بوده است.<span style="color: black;"> جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها در کنار استفاده از روش های آماری توصیفی جهت مقایسه میانگینها و تبیین معنیدار بودن تفاوتهای موجود بین طبقات یا گروهها از آزمون </span></strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="color: black;">T</span></span><strong><span style="color: black;"> تک نمونه ای و آزمون </span></strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="color: black;">F</span></span> <strong><span style="color: black;">و برای تبیین همبستگی و تأثیرگذاری از آزمون آماری پیرسون استفاده شده است. </span></strong><strong>نتایج بدست آمده از یافته های تحقیق نشان از کم، کافی نبودن و متناسب نبودن برنامه های آموزشی در مدارس و رسانه های جمعی در ارتباط با مولفه هایی چون (ساخت و ساز مساکن مقاوم، کمک های اولیه، حفظ جان خود و افراد خانواده، حفظ اموال و دارایی ها) در فرایند مدیریت ریسک زلزله بوده است</strong><strong>. همچنین بین</strong> <strong>مولفه آموزش با موقعیت مکانی و سطح تحصیلات ساکنین منطقه مورد مطالعه ارتباط معنی­داری وجود دارد. در این راستا، تقویت آگاهی ها و دانش مدیریت ریسک زلزله و افزایش آموزش های فنی مرتبط با مدیریت ریسک زلزله در بین ساکنان مناطق روستایی و توجه به شیوه های مختلف آموزش به عنوان یک ضرورت اساسی پیشنهاد می ­شود.</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;">Disaster risk which is the potential loss expressed in lives, health status, livelihoods, assets and services, can occur in a particular community or a society due to the impact of a natural hazard. Disaster Risk Reduction is a systematic approach to identify, assess and reduce that risk. Or (in identifying, assessing, and reducing …) To be specific, the purpose of this or (the current) approach is to minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks throughout an education factors (throughout an educational factor Or throughout educational factors) to avoid or limit the adverse impacts of natural hazards.</span></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;">Knowledge and education are recognized as the key components of disaster risk management. Occurrence of enormous disaster in the world shows ( or pinpoints) the need to use (or for using , in order to prevent repetition of the same structure) knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels. The role of education for disaster risk reduction strategies can thus be presented based on three types of activities, including Save lives and prevent injuries should a hazardous event occur; Prevent interruptions to the provision of education, or ensure its swift resumption in the event of an interruption, and finally Develop a resilient population which is able to reduce the economic, social and cultural impacts should a hazardous event occur. Education for Disaster Risk Reduction promotes critical thinking and problem-solving as well as social and emotional life skills which are essential to the empowerment of groups threatened or affected by disasters.</span></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;">Iran is crossed by several major faults, 90% of whom are seismically active and subject to many earthquakes each year. Qazvin Province, which is located among active zones, suffers less earthquakes, but these may be more powerful because stresses have longer to build<strong>.</strong> Occurring earthquakes often affected rural settlement and societies. The main aim of the article is to respond how is the role of education in risk management and decreasing vulnerability level of rural areas based on earthquake in Qazvin province? The purposes of this article are to outline the existing seismic risk in Qazvin and to identify the crucial role of education in advancing culture of safety and the resilience of Qazvin rural communities to destructive earthquakes.</span></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;">From objective points of view, this paper is practical kind of research and from analytic points of view; it would be categorized as the qualitative and quantitative research. The information contained in this article is based on a variety of sources and have been collected by means of both documentary and questionnaire techniques.</span></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;">This research has adopted or adopts the qualitative and quantitative methods to respond to (or to answer a basic question) a basic question. To formulate the strategies of earthquake risk reduction 29 villages were selected by cluster sampling and then it was estimated the samples by Cochrane method. For data collection, 386 households were selected by random method.</span></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;">According to the research topic, the main criteria divided into two groups: formal and informal education. The formal education includes indicators as the number of showed films, corrugated education about earthquake and the informal education encompasses indices as the effect of media or institutions raising awareness for earthquake, the effect of the earthquake, affected rural and peoples and finally experiences concerning the earthquake training.</span></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;">Based on the results of the current research, the level of education plays an important role in enhancing the effects of hazards and ensuing vulnerability of rural areas after the occurrence of natural hazards (earthquakes).</span></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;">The result of this research also shows that the rural or regions of Qazvin province are the more vulnerable and the range of knowledge of peoples about earthquake risk is low. It is necessary to consider the earthquake risk management to (or so as to) decrease the earthquake risk among the studied regions/areas in all earthquake phases. In order to reduce the vulnerability of rural settlements in Qazvin County, it is necessary to increase awareness and knowledge.</span></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;">Regarding/ considering the results of this research and the role of education in risk reduction to reduce the vulnerability of rural spaces, some strategies such as strengthening disaster risk management awareness, increasing knowledge among rural residents, improving communication skills regarding/concerning disaster risk management have been proposed.</span></span></p>
آموزش, مدیریت ریسک, آسیب پذیری, زلزله, روستاهای قزوین.
earthquakes, knowledge, vulnerability, risk management, Qazvin.
49
62
http://jsaeh.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-442-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
arasto
yari
ارسطو
یاری
مسئول Arastoo252@yahoo.com
10031947532846002020
10031947532846002020
Yes
majid
parishan
مجید
پریشان
10031947532846002021
10031947532846002021
No