Spatial Analysis of Environmental Hazards

Spatial Analysis of Environmental Hazards

Risk assessment and prioritisation between individual and group tourists at the desert destination (case study: Marnjab Desert)

Authors
iraj ghasemi 1
sheida ebrahimi salimi 2
1 Research Institute of Humanities and Social Studies, jihad daneshgahi
2 Master's degree in regional tourism planning, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.
10.29252/jsaeh.7.4.28.205
Abstract
Introduction

The development of the tourism industry, in addition to paying attention to the infrastructure of this industry, requires comprehensive planning of persuasive factors, as well as reducing the environmental and natural risks of tourism destinations. According to research, tourists are affected by four types of risks, including health, cultural, political and economic, but among the natural hazards that endanger the health of tourists is of particular importance.

Among the tourist destinations, ecotourism has a significant success, which causes many hazards in these areas. Maranjab desert for the relative temperament of temperature, tourist attractions, diversity of animal species and vegetation, and the existence of typical and prominent forms of desert is one of the most visited areas of desert ecotourism. Therefore, many problems and dangers are threatening. In this research, an attempt has been made to identify and analyze the main natural and environmental hazards of the Maranjab desert with a descriptive-analytical method based on library and field studies.

methodology

The general approach of mixed-method with the priority of quantitative method is based on qualitative studies. For this purpose, after identifying the risks, a questionnaire for prioritization was collected through interviews with experts and then evaluated and analyzed through the FMEA technique. The method of FMEA is one of the tools for continuous improvement of product and service quality. The purpose of the FMEA is to identify the risks and risks of the product and process that may be latent or obvious. Once identified, the next step is to make decisions that can be addressed. This method is used in medicine, manufacturing and services industries. In recent years, the use of this model for risk assessment in the humanities and tourism has also become popular. This method is based on three key components of probability of occurrence, severity of occurrence and probability of discovery.

After returning the questionnaires and evaluating the quality of response, a random sample of 100 questionnaires was selected and analyzed based on the method of analysis of failure factors and its effects. According to the purpose of the study, half of the audience had an individual trip and half of them traveled to the area with the group. Audiences were asked to assign a score between 1 and 10 for each component of the method. Accordingly, each factor will have a score in each case, which is obtained from the average score of the audience and has been between 1 and 10. After identifying and evaluating the risk perceived by the audience, in an interview with professors and
Keywords
risks
Tourism planning
Ecotourism
Marnjab Desert
FMEA
Bigné, E. J؛ I. M Sanchez, J. Sanchez. 2001. Tourism image, evaluation variables and after purchase behavior: inter-relationship. Tourism Management, 22: 607-616.
Chen, C؛ D. Tsai. 2007. How destination image and evaluative factors affect behavioral intentions. Tourism Management, 28: 1115-1122
Geuma, Youngjung; Shinb, Juneseuk, Park Yongtae. 2011. FMEA-based portfolio approach to service productivity improvement. The Service Industries Journal, 11: 1825–1847
Hunt, J. D. 1975. Image as a factor in tourism development. Journal of Travel Research, 13: 1-7
Lepp, A; H Gibson. 2008. Sensation seeking and tourism: tourist role, perception of risk and destination choice. Tourism Management, 29:740-750.
Lepp, Andrew; Heather Gibson, Charles Lane. 2011. Image and perceived Risk: Study of Uganda and its official tourism website. Tourism management, Elsevier, 32: 675-684
Nadeau, J; L Heslop, N O’Reilly, P Luk. 2008. Destination in a country image context. Annals of Tourism Research, 35:84-106.
O’Leary, S; J Deegan. 2005. Ireland’s image as a tourism destination in France: attribute importance and performance. Journal of Travel Research, 43: 247-256.
Qu, H; L Kim, H Im. 2011. A Model of Destination Branding: Integrating the Concepts of TheBranding and Destination Image. Tourism Management, 32: 465-476.
Ritchie, B.W. 2009. Crisis and disaster management for tourism. Bristol, UK; Buffalo: Channel view publication.
Sobyana E. 2011. ERP Pos Implementation risk assessment Master thesis in IT management. school of Sustainable Development and Technology
Tasci, A; W Gartner, 2007. Destination image and its functional relationships. Journal of Travel Research, 45: 413-425
Wilks L; S Moor. 2004. Tourism risk management for the Asia pacific region: An authoritative guide for management crises and risk. APEC International Center for Sustainable Tourism (AICST)
www.unep.com, 2011
Yuksel, A; O Akgul,.2006. Postcards as affective image makers: an idle agent in destination marketing. Tourism Management, 28:714-725.
Spatial Analysis of Environmental Hazards
Volume 7, Issue 4 - Serial Number 28
Winter 2021
Pages 205-222