Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazards
تحلیل فضایی مخاطرات محیطی
Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazards
Literature & Humanities
http://jsaeh.khu.ac.ir
1
admin
2423-7892
2588-5146
10.61186/jsaeh
fa
jalali
1400
12
1
gregorian
2022
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1
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fulltext
fa
آسیب پذیری مسکن در نواحی روستایی مورد مطالعه: شهرستان نی ریز
Explaining of housing vulnerability in rural areas Case Study: Neyriz Township
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<strong>ارزیابی آسیب پذیری مساکن در برابر مخاطرات از جمله زلزله به عنوان یک فرایند در چرخه تهیه و اجرای طرح های توسعه مسکن، می تواند به کاهش خسارات کالبدی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی ناشی از وقوع زلزله منجر شود. از این رو</strong> <strong>این تحقیق به دنبال تبیین آسیب شناسی مسکن روستایی در شهرستان نی ریز است و براساس هدف، کاربردی و براساس روش، ترکیبی (کمی- کیفی) است. تعداد نمونه در بخش کمی 230 خانوار از 18 روستا تعیین شد. در بخش کیفی، با استفاده از روش اشباع نظری با 40 نفر از سرپرستان خانوار (هم مساکن تحت نظارت بنیاد مسکن و هم مساکن بدون نظارت) به پایان (یا اشباع) رسید. برای گردآوری اطلاعات در بخش کمی، از فنون مصاحبه و پرسشگری (با ابزار پرسشنامه) و در بخش کیفی از فن مصاحبه نیمه ساختمند استفاده شده است. برای تحلیل داده­ها و اطلاعات در بخش کمی از آزمون </strong><strong><span dir="LTR">T</span></strong><strong> و در بخش کیفی در چارچوب رویکرد تئوری زمینه ای از روش کدگذاری باز، محوری و گزینشی استفاده شد. نتایج یافته های تحقیق نشان داد که آسیب پذیری مسکن روستایی صرفاً ماهیتی فیزیکی و محیطی نداشته، بلکه در ابعاد اجتماعی، اقتصادی و نهادی- سازمانی نیز آسیب پذیر هستند. </strong><strong>عدم استطاعت مالی، ضعف ساختار فیزیکی مسکن، ضعف طراحی، ضعف نظارت و اجرا، محدودیت ساختاری نظام اجتماعی- فرهنگی، کمبود تسهیلات ساختمان، ضعف در سیاستهای حمایتی و نظارتی دولت و نهادهای عمومی از جمله </strong><strong>عوامل و نیروهای دورنی و بیرونی </strong><strong>مؤثر بر آسیب پذیری هستند. </strong><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></b></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction</span></span></b></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Rural areas are more vulnerable to earthquake hazards than urban areas</span></span><b> </b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">but the vulnerability of rural areas has always been neglected and few studies are worrying about it.</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Given the importance of villages and played the crucial role in socio-economic development and national security, providing adequate housing for villagers and addressing the problems in this area, in particular, providing them with security and relieving their vulnerability are of particular importance.</span></span><b> </b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">One of the policies of Iran to reduce the risk of damage; improvement and rehabilitation of rural housing by the Housing Foundation of the Islamic Revolution Which has become one of the most important strategies in Iran due to the extent of natural disasters and their financial and financial losses and their expectations beyond ensuring security against accidents are also a continuation of rural life. neyriz Township is subjected to major and minor faults that the existence of these faults and the probability of earthquake causes vulnerability of the villages of the region. The housing estate of the Islamic Revolution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, from 2004 to 2013, has provided 5255 villagers of more than 20 households with facilities for the renovation and renovation of houses. The number of facilities was paid to 66 villages of more than 20 households in the city and supervision of the construction process was carried out. So what seems to be important is the activity that the Housing Foundation has had in its housing estate, its impact on the rural areas, and how much it has been able to achieve resistance and stability in rural housing; in addition to what degree, they have been able to influence their satisfaction.</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Therefore, the present study addresses the vulnerability of rural dwellings. In this regard, vulnerability is initially studied then the satisfaction of the villagers is examined finally, the share of each vulnerability level criterion is measured on the satisfaction of the villagers and appropriate solutions.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:right 14.2pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Data and Methodology</span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:right 14.2pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The research methodology is based on its descriptive-analytical nature. Data gathering was conducted through surveying, library and field method. A small portion of the sample includes 230 households from 18 rural in the </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Neyriz Township</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. Reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach Alpha (alpha = 0.79). In the qualitative section for the implementation of grounded theory, an interview was conducted with 40 villagers.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:right 14.2pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results and Discussion</span></span></b></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:right 14.2pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">By studying the vulnerability of rural nursing homes in the </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Township</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> of Neyriz, the villages of the studied villages are in an unfavorable position in terms of economic and social dimensions. Objective satisfaction indicators show that 51.8% of the villagers' homes were constructed responsive to concrete. 80.4% of the walls of the houses are made with bricks. The roofs of the houses are covered with 75% block and block. Of the studied rural households, 94.6% have personal housing and only 5.4% of the tenants. In the area of providing services in residential units, all the studied villages have water, electricity, telephone and 2.05 villagers are satisfied with the crop of agricultural products, parking lots, agricultural machinery and heating and cooling equipment for their housing.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></b></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion </span></span></b></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:right 14.2pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Findings showed that the vulnerability of rural housing is not only physical and environmental in nature, but also in social, economic and institutional-organizational dimensions. Meanwhile, vulnerability in physical and environmental dimensions in the study area is lower than other dimensions. Therefore, the existence of unstable housing in rural areas has led to a decline in their quality of life. This situation is strongly influenced by internal and external factors and forces. The lack of financial support, the traditional housing structure, poor design, poor monitoring and enforcement, social constraints, lack of building facilities, weaknesses in government support and regulatory policies, and government institutions are among the main problems of rural dwellings.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:right 14.2pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">According to interviews with villagers, the following solutions can be made to reduce rural housing problems:</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:right 14.2pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> - The costs of facilities and infrastructure are not at the expense of villagers. Therefore, the creation of continuous financial resources for councils and departments can be open.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:right 14.2pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> - Reducing the problems and obstacles facing applicants for loan use (through increasing credit, decreasing profits and raising the age), providing welfare services and reducing the total poverty of the rural community, granting loans or with benefits and installments Low for women-headed households; increasing the number of borrowers and creating rural people's interest and motivation for living in the countryside.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:right 14.2pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> - Preserving indigenous architecture, using indigenous materials, avoiding blind imitation of urban housing, etc., are unfortunately much neglected, and new rural houses have become homogeneous and adapted to the natural and physical environment of the countryside. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:right 14.2pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">- In anti-poverty programs, the problems of villagers have been underestimated, which has led to their vulnerability. Therefore, investing in villages, creating complementary agricultural businesses, increasing production and, consequently, increasing rural incomes, can accelerate the growth and development of this sector.Energy saving is considered to be a problem with rural housing problems in terms of access to fossil fuels and mechanical equipment for heating and cooling buildings.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:right 14.2pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:right 14.2pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"> <b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Key words:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Vulnerability, pathology, Earthquake, Neyriz Township</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<br>
آسیب شناسی, آسیب پذیری, زلزله, شهرستان نی ریز.
Vulnerability, pathology, Earthquake, Neyriz Township
141
156
http://jsaeh.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1093-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
sedigheh
hashemi
صدیقه
هاشمی
sedigheh.hashemi65@gmail.com
10031947532846009718
10031947532846009718
No
University of Esfahan
دانشگاه اصفهان
ahmad
taghdisi
احمد
تقدیسی
a.taghdisi@geo.ui.ac.ir
10031947532846009719
10031947532846009719
Yes
University of Esfahan
دانشگاه اصفهان
farhad
azizpur
فرهاد
عزیزپور
azizpourf@yahoo.com
10031947532846009720
10031947532846009720
No
kharazmi University
دانشگاه خوارزمی